Method and machine for making articles of pulp



E. 1 PERRY 1,822,058

METHOD AND MACHINE FOR MAKING ARTlCLES OF PULP Sept. 8, 1931.

Filed Oct. 6, 1928 2 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTOR lllll Il .lllllllJ Sept. 8, 1931. E. l.. PERRY 1,822,058

METHOD AND MACHINE FOR MAKING ARTICLES 0F PULP v Filed Oct. 6. 1928 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENToR ZgemeLJDe/z? j BY Patentedlsept. 8, 1931 i UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE EUGENE L. PERRY, OF WEST ORANGE, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOB TO WILBARTON WARE,

INC., F KEAR'NEY, NEW JERSEY, A CORPORATION OF NEW Application led October 8, 1928. Serial No. 310,893.

The present invention relates to apparatus andmethod for makingfarticlesfrom fibrous pulp; and the invention relates, more particularly, to apparatus and method for making tubes, containers, and so on in one piece from fibrous pul such as paper pulp. And the materials an products of the invention are useful in thearts generally.

Various ob'ects and advantages of the invention will e obvious from the following particular description of one form of mechanism embodying the invention and method of operation thereof or from an inspection of the accompanying drawings; and the invention also conlsists in certain new and useful features of construction and combinations of parts hereinafter set forth and claimed.

The present invention consists in new and 20. novel methods of operation of machinery for making of containers from fibrous pulp and of new and original arrangements and combinations of steps in the process hereinafter described and more particularly set :forth in the claims. The invention further consists in new and novel arrangements and combinations of parts in pulp handling'machinery as hereinafter set forth and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings there is shown for purposes of illustration one form of apparatus embodying the invention, in

whic ,f

Figure 1Y- (is an elevation view, in part broken away, of a pulp forming machine;

Figure 2 is a part view taken at the line 2 2 of Figure 1, in part section;

Figure 3 is an elevation view in part showing a foraminated pressure roll of the inven tion, and operating mechanism thereof;

Figure 4 is a View taken along the line 4-4 of Figure 3;

Figure 5 is an elevation view of the forming roll and a solid pressure roll, and-operating mechanism for the latter; I -Figure 6 is a part section view of a modified form of the apparatus of Figs. 1 to 5; and Figure 7 is a view, in part broken away, of a basket made on the modified form of 50 apparatus.

In all the' above described views Alike characters of reference are employed to indicate corresponding parts.

Referring 'now to the drawings, reference i `character lindicates a suction pump having an upwardly inclined suction pipe 2 which serves as a support on lwhich is mounted the ball-bearing set 3 the movable upper part of whichlatter carries a worm pinion 4 and,

above that, a frusta conical or basket sha ed hollow, foraminated forming roll 5 havmg tapering sides and a fiat end. Said forming roll l5 is connected for suction from said pump 1, to pipe 2, bearing set 3, and the other connecting parts. A shaft 6, driven by means not shown, carries a worm 7 which enga'es and drives said inion 4 to rotate said orming roll 5 in cloc wise direction as indicated in Fig. 2.

A standard 8 carriesI a pulp tank 9 which* has a discharge gate 10, operated by handle 11, and a chute 12 which extends and narrows from said gate 10 to the upper end of the lateral side of said forming roll 5 at which latter said chute 12 terminates in spaced` apart relation. In said pulp tank 9 isa set of stirring addles 13 mounted on and driven l by the sha t 14 which in turn is driven by 1 the pinion 15 and worm 16 which are connected to said drivingshaft 6 by the gears-17, 18 and chain 19, dlagrammatically shown. A baffle 19 is provided -in said chute 12 to control flow of pulpv to different parts of roll 5.

Alongside said forming roll 5 is a frustoconical, hollow, foraminated pressure roll 20 which is carried on axial trunnions 20', 20 by the yoke 21 which latter is in turn carried, pivotally, by a shaft v22 on which said yoke 21 can be rotated to'move said pressure roll 20 toward andv from said forming roll 5. Said shaft 22 is carried by a pair of bearings 23, 23 adjustably mounted to a supporting frame 24. A downwardly extending arm 25 on said yoke 21 carries at its lower end a roller 26 which is in operative relation to a cam 27 carried by a shaft 28 and downwardly movable therewith to apply pressure on said arm 25, through roller 26, to move said yoke 21 and said pressure roll 20 toward said forming roll 5 (see Fig. 4). Said shaft 28 also carries a second cam member 29 which is concave and is adapted upon upward movement to engage the end of said arm 25 0n its outer face and move it inwardly whereby said pressure roll 2O is moved away from said forming roll 5. Said shaft 28 is extended through a bearing 30, fixed to said frame 24', beyond which it carries an operating handle 31. A tension spring 32 between yoke 21 and frame 24 and a compression i spring 33 between arm 25 and frame 24 tend to move said pressure roll 2() and hold the same against said formingA roll 5. lSaid spring 32 is attached to both the yoke 21 and frame 24, and spring 33 is held in place by a central stud 34 fixed on said frame 24;and passing through an opening in arm 25, having suiicient clearance topermit of the angular movement of the latter about said shaft 22. The interior of said forming roll 2() is connected to the exhaust or pressure side of said pump 1 by the exhaust pipe 35, by-pass pipe 36, flexible hose 37, universal joint 38, and said trunnion 20', which latter is hollow.

Extending from said forming roll 5 atthe bottom edge thereof is a radial flange 39 which serves to limit the flow of pulp in that direction, and attached to said standard 8 is a cover or shield 40 which serves to limit the' depth of the wet pulp as it flowsonto and over said forming ro'll 5, and said shield 40 extends circumferentially over the upper sur'- face of said forming roll 5 from said radial flange 39 as far as the lower edge of the discharge opening of said chute 12 and in both directions circumferentially forabout ninety degrees. l For driving said pressure roll 20 before the pulp on forming roll 5 has attained a predetermined depth and strength and so that the said pressure roll 20 will not drag or tear 0E the newly applied pulp a pair of cooperating spacing and driving'frusto-conical pulleys 41 and 42 are provided one on `each of said rolls 5 and y20, respectively. The sum of the radii of lsaid pulleys 41 and 42 at a given point is greater than that of the rolls 5 and 2() projected to that point. This increment can be, and has been used in aA practical machine, about one-sixteenth of an inch, so it will be seen that the pulp will be built up to a compacted thickness of at least onesixteenth of an inch before there is any drag between such pulp and said forming roll 20.

At the flat end of said forming roll 5 isy provided a conical, oraminated pressure roll 43 mounted, by means not' shown, for movement into and outiof pressure applying relation to the end of roll 5. .y

Below said forming roll 5 -is positioned a solid pressure roll 44 in. Vmovable relation thereto. For supporting and moving said -of pulp thereon.

roll 44 there is provided on said frame 24 an outwardly and then downwardly projecting arm 45 which carries a stub shaft 46 on which is pivoted a -lever 47 whichI at one end carries, pivoted thereto, a yoke 48 between whose ends said pressure roll 44 is mounted for rotational movement. At the other end of said lever 47 is pivoted a connecting rod 49 which connects intermediate the ends of a foot treadle lever 50, which latf .fr is pivoted to the fioor at one ofits ends and carries a treadle 51 at its other end. The weight of said pressure roll 44 and yoke 48 normally over balances that of .said connecting rod 49 and treadle lever 50 so that said roll 44 naturally falls awayfrom said forming roll 5 and maintains said treadle lever 50 in a normally raised position. By depressing said treadle lever 50 said pressure roll 44 can be moved against said forming roll 5 01 against a layer This roll can be used for compactinga layer of pulp on said forming roll 5, but is provided particularly for applying pressure to the layer of pulp, or container comprises thereby, to loosen tle same from the forming roll 5. And for applying pressure thereby, first at the base or smalllend `of roll 5, there is provided a tension spring 52 attached between said lever 47 and the arm of yoke 48 adjacent thereto whereby said roll 44 is normally tilted with its small end.

nearer roll 5. A pin 53 mounted on yoke 48 and extending through aslot 54 in said lever 47 limits the range of movement ot said yoke 48 by spring 52 so that roll 44 will not be brought against lever 47 when they are in their normal positions and pressure against roll 5 keeps .roll 44properly aligned. Said roll 44 is preferably of rubber of a degree of -stiffness and resiliency somewhat like that common in mangle rolls and the like.

In the use and operation of the above dcscribed apparatus a batch of wet paper pulp is placed in tank 9 with gate 10 closed and paddles 13 set in motion to maintain the pulp in the thoroughly mixed state. Said forming roll 5 will be set in rotative motion with paddles 13. Pressureroll 44 is in its normal position away from Aforming roll 5 and handle 31 is moved to bring said cams 27 and 29 into the intermediate position shown in Figure 4 in which said spring 32 and 33 are free to act alone to hold said pulley 42 against pulley 41 whereby the pressure roll 20 is held in spaced apart relation at a predetermined short dis'- tance from forming roll 5. Pump 5 is set in operation to provide suction on forming roll 5 and pressure on pressure roll 20. Grate 10 is then opened to admit passage of a supply of pulp to the forming roll 5, bafile 19 being moved to keep the'pulp at first from flowing to the lat, upper end of forming roll 5. 'lhe pulp admitted will fiow over forming roll 5 under lsaid shield 40 down as far as radial flange 39 and will be drawn against the matellc rial of forming roll 5 by the suction through the foraminations thereof and will be moved away from pressure roll 20 by the pressure of air passing through the foraminations thereof. At these first steps, and until the pulp is built up and compacted toa depth as great as or greater than the normal spacing apart of rolls 5 and 20, the compacting of the pulp on forming roll 5 will be done principally by the air suction and air pressure as described. When the pulp is built up to a point near the upper edge of forming roll 5, said baille 19 is. moved to. admit passage of pulp to the flat end of forming roll 5 where it is compacted by suction and by the weight of gravity of pressure roll 43 which rides over it.` The gate l0 is then closed to stop the flow ofpulp and pressure-of roll 20 against forming roll 5 is increased by turning handle 3l to further compactl the pulp between rolls 5 and 20 and afterward is turned back to movepressure roll 20 away from forming roll 5. The basket er container formed by the pulp on forming roll 5 is then loosened from that roll by shutting .olf suction in pipe 2, moving pressure roll 20 from forming roll 5 and bringing pressure roll 44 against the basket, and as said pressure roll 44 is brought up its upper end will be brought in Contact first, through the action of said spring 52,

whereby said container or basket is loosened from its bottom up or outwardly towards its rim and stretching, splitting, or cracking of the pulp is avoided. After being loosened the basket or container is removed from forming roll 5 and trimmed and dried for use. As soon as one container is removed a new supply of pulp can immediately be fed onto the forming roll and the forming of containers thereon can be practically continuous.

In Figure 6 1s shown a modified form of the machine of the invention in which the shield 40 is spaced further away from the forming roll at the end near the radial flange 39 than at the opposite end. This form of machine is operated substantially the same as is the other, but the basket 55 formedthereon has a sidewall which is thicker at the rim or upper edge than at the bottom, and it is made in this form to provide stiffness and strength where required. The pressure roll 20 is adjusted on said frame 24 to have the large end further away from the forming roll 5 to conform to this difference in thickness in the pulp laid down. In some cases the resilienpy of the compacted pulp will permit removal of the basket from' the forming roll without interference from said shield 40, but where this difference is excessivein this respect the shield 40 is moved to permit passage ofthe thick edge ofthe basket past its upper part.y The pivotal mounting of said pressure roll 44 will permit the latter to adjust itself to the 40, which lays the fibers down; and the use' of the shield 40 is especially valuable in forming a wall which is thicker at one end than at the other.

What is claimed is:

.1. Apparatus for forming fibrous pulp into a wall, comprising a hollow foraminated forming roll, means for applying suction to the interior of said forming roll, a hollow foraminated pressure roll, and means for applying pressure to the interior of said pressure roll. f v

2. Apparatus for forming fibrous pulplinto -a wall, comprising a hollow foraminated forming roll, means for applying suction to the interior of said forming roll, 'a hollow foraminated pressure roll, means for applying pressure to the interior ofsaid pressure roll, and means for supplying pulp toe said forming roll.

3. Apparatus for forming fibrous pulp into a wall, comprising a hollow foraminated forming roll, lmeans for iapplying suction to the interior ofsaid formingroll, a hollow foraminated pressure roll, means for applying pressure to the interior of said' pressure roll, and means for supplying pulp between said forming roll and said pressure roll.

dill() larly toward said forming roll, and meansv tending to`move one end of said pressure roll in advance'of the other end thereof to- 'ward said' forming roll.

5. In pulp machinery,in combination, a

forming roll and a pressure roll movable with respect to each otherand adapted to be positioned alongside each other with their axes substantially in the same plane, and means tending to move said pressure roll to bring one end of'its axis nearer the axis of the forming roll than the 'other end thereof. 6. In pulp machinery, in combination, a forming roll, a`ykefa pressure roll carried by said yoke for movement thereon about its axis,.a lever supporting and having pivotal `connection with said yoke, said pressure roll being movable with said yoke and lever into a position against said forming .roll and axially aligned therewith, and a spring between' said lever and yoke tending to move the latter lso-bring one end of said pressure roll ynearer said forming rollthan the "other end thereof.

7. In combination, in machinery for forming articles from fibrous pulp, a forming roll, a shield ,extending over and curved to conform to the contour of said forming roll and i spaced apart therefrom,

of pulp thereby, said shield being spaced and a flange at one end of said shield adapted to prevent passage apart from said forming roll further at said iiange than its opposite end.

8. Apparatus for forming iibrous pulp into a Wall, comprising a rotatable holloiv foraminated forming roll, means for applying suction to the interior bof saidv forming roll,

means to flow and spread pulp on the external surface of said forming roll, and a hollow l foraminated pressure roll in operative relation to said forming roll to compact the pulp applied thereon.

10. A method of forming hollow articles from ibrous pulp, comprising rotating a l foraminous forming roll, supplying xvet pulp to the external surface of said rotating forming roll While at the same time applying air suction to the interior of the latter, and compacting the pulp supplied to the forming roll surface by rotating a foraminous compacting roll in external Contact therewith.

11. In combination, in machinery. for forming articles from fibrous pulp, an inclined rotatable foraminous forming roll to receive pulp on its external surface, and a fixed shield concentrically spaced from said forming roll surface to extend partially around the same, and means to deliver pul intermediate the roll surface and said shiel 12. In combinationy in machinery for y forming articles from fibrous pulp, an inclined rotatable foraminous forming roll to receive pulp on its external surface, and a fixed shield concentrically spaced from said forming roll surface to extend partially around the same, means to deliver pulp intermediate the roll surface and said shield, a flange around the base of said roll, and a cooperating lpart on said shield to engage over said flange to prevent flow of pulp beyond the base of said roll.

13. In combination, in machinery for forming articles from fibrous pulp, an inclined rotatable foraminous'forming roll to receive pulp on its external surface, and a fixed shield concentrically spaced from said vforming roll surface to extend partially around the same, means to deliver pulp intermediate the roll surface and said shield,

- a-ilange around the base of said roll, a cooperating part on said shield to engage'over said nflange to prevent ow of pulp beyond the base of said roll, and a pressure roll movable angularly toward the exposed surface of said forming roll to engage and compact pulp carried on the latter.

In testimony, that I claim the invention set forth above I have hereunto set my hand this 20th day of September, 1928.

EUGENE L. PERRY.

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